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The tuberculosis (TB) caused by a bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a transmissible air borne disease. The primary infection as latent TB becomes active when the bacteria enormously multiplied in lungs. The active TB diagnosed with the symptoms of pneumonia along with chest ache, prolonged cough and coughing up blood. The unexplained weight loss, tiredness, fatigue, shortness of breath, fever, night sweats, chills, and loss of appetite has been noticed in the patients of active TB. The punctual and effectual management of TB disease is critical to put off enduring transmission of TB. Most of the TB patients having cure by directly observed therapy (DOT), and only one third of TB patients expected a combination of DOT and self-administered therapy. When TB is an inactive phase (Latent TB), monotherapy supposed to be adequate for the cure and patients at this time suggested to take a six months continuous dose of an antibiotic called isoniazid (INH). However, the active TB is treated with multi drug therapy (MDT) with a combination of 4 (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol) or more drugs for a prolonged period. There are some chemical compounds, such as Thiolactomycin, Ethambutol, Mefloquine, Deazapteridines, Moxifloxacin, Nitromidazole, Pyridomycin and its analogues etc. are used for the treatment of tuberculosis effectively. A drug baseed upon pyridine structure, the 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHP) and its derivativesare well known chemical in pharmacology and are equipotent anti-tuberculosis drugs to Moxifloxacin and Gattiflaxocin. The Nanotechnology employed drug delivery systems have considerable potential for the treatment of TB, and allowed sustained and target specific release of drugs from the matrix. These properties of Nanotechnological approaches enable the improvement of the bioavailability of drugs, can reduce the dosage and frequency of administration, and may solve the problem of non-adherence to prescribed therapy, which is a major obstacle to the control of TB. Thus the purpose of this study is to systematically represent the recent trends and their advantages in treatment of air borne communicable disease i.e. TB.